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Lebanese Resistance Regiments
The Lebanese Resistance Regiments ((アラビア語:أفواج المقاومة اللبنانية)) were the armed militia of the Movement of the Dispossessed (or Movement of the Deprived), a political movement of Lebanon's Shia community. The militia's name, when abbreviated, created the acronym Amal, which means "Hope" in Arabic. The movement was founded in 1974 and its armed organization was founded in 1975. The Amal militia was a major participant in the Lebanese Civil War. The militia has now been disarmed, although the movement itself, now known as the Amal Movement, is a notable political party of the Lebanon.
==Creation==
The Amal militia was founded in 1975 as the militant wing of the Movement of the Disinherited, a Shi'a political movement founded by Musa al-Sadr〔http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7584557.stm〕 and Hussein el-Husseini a year earlier. It became one of the most important Shi'a Muslim militias during the Lebanese Civil War. Amal grew strong with the support of, and through its ties with, Syria〔Byman, D., 2005, ''Deadly Connections: States that Sponsor Terrorism'', Cambridge, Cambridge University Press〕 and the 300,000 Shi'a internal refugees from southern Lebanon after the Israeli bombings in the early 1980s. Amal's practical objectives were to gain greater respect for Lebanon's Shi'ite population and the allocation of a larger share of governmental resources for the Shi'ite-dominated southern part of the country.〔Palmer-Harik, J., 2004, ''Hezbollah: The Changing Face of Terrorism'', London, I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd〕
At its zenith, the militia had 14,000 troops. Amal fought a long campaign against Palestinian refugees during the Lebanese Civil War (called the War of the Camps). After the War of the Camps, Amal fought a bloody battle against rival Shi'a group Hezbollah for control of Beirut, which provoked Syrian military intervention. Hezbollah itself was formed by religious members of Amal who had left after Nabih Berri's assumption of full control and the subsequent resignation of most of Amal's earliest members.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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